Yes, voting ID requirements in the US are discriminatory.
https://www.lwv.org/blog/whats-so-bad-about-voter-id-laws
Restrictive voting measures are designed to maintain the power structures that benefit those in control — largely white legislators — and their legacy is still felt today.
For example, Texas didn’t even sleep on it — they moved to introduce a strict voter ID law at midnight after the Supreme Court decision was handed down in 2013. That law resulted in the ineligibility of an estimated 608,470 registered voters in Texas, representing a total of about 4.5% of registered voters in the state at the time.
Other countries with universal and easily obtained IDs might not have the same outcomes, but in the US the ID requirement for voting only exists to suppress minority voting. You can find a lot of sources on how it works, but keep in mind that at the same time states added the ID requirement they also made it harder to obtain an ID.
The federal oversight has a lot of opinions and there are hundreds of write ups about it if you don’t like the easily accessible article I linked. The fact that voter fraud has been proven to not be an issue in US elections has a lot of write ups too.
Saying “we don’t know” ignores the fact that ee do know and is just a talking point based on nothing from the people that want to suppress the vote. You know, Republicans.